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Are your p-values valid? The Shapiro-Wilk test is the "gold standard" for checking normality in biomedical research. This guide breaks down exactly how to perform the test in GraphPad Prism, SPSS, and R, how to interpret the results (p < 0.05 vs p > 0.05), and what to do when your data "fails" the test. Don't risk a rejected manuscript—master your statistical assumptions today.

Struggling with non-normal data in your research? The Mann-Whitney U test is the gold standard for comparing two independent groups when the t-test fails. In this guide, we break down the exact GraphPad Prism protocol, step-by-step. Learn how to enter data, configure the analysis for "Exact" p-values, and avoid the common reporting mistakes that annoy reviewers. Perfect for biomedical researchers needing a quick, accurate, and scientifically rigorous walkthrough.